Genetic Testing in Turkey

Genetic testing is a medical procedure that analyzes a person’s DNA to provide important insights into how the body functions. It helps identify genetic mutations that may lead to certain diseases or health conditions. These tests play a key role in diagnosing, treating, and even preventing various disorders. In Turkey, genetic testing is carried out in technologically advanced laboratories under reliable and controlled conditions. The results serve as a crucial guide for accurate diagnosis and help shape personalized healthcare strategies.

Key Takeaways

• Genetic testing analyzes DNA to detect genetic disorders, disease risks, and support personalized diagnosis and treatment.
• In Turkey, genetic testing is performed in advanced, accredited laboratories under safe and controlled medical conditions.
• Tests are widely used for prenatal screening, cancer risk assessment, carrier screening, and rare disease diagnosis.
• Genetic counseling ensures accurate interpretation of results and informed medical decision-making.

What is Genetic Testing?

Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, is used to detect changes or abnormalities in the chromosome structure. In a clinical setting, DNA is analyzed to diagnose or rule out suspected genetic disorders. This allows for treatment plans to be personalized based on an individual’s genetic profile. Additionally, genetic testing can be used to determine a child's biological parentage. In Turkey, individuals considering a genetic test must first consult with a physician to determine whether DNA testing is appropriate for their condition.

• Detecting genetic or chromosomal changes in a fetus before birth
• Identifying specific genetic disorders or chromosomal abnormalities
• Performing carrier screening for individuals planning pregnancy or in the early stages of pregnancy
• Identifying genetic changes in embryos created through assisted reproductive technologies such as IVF
• Conducting genetic, metabolic, or hormone-related screening tests for newborns

What are the Different Types of Genetic Tests?

Genetic testing examines an individual's genes, chromosomes, and DNA to reveal their genetic profile. A doctor may recommend specific types of genetic tests based on the patient's needs. This process helps assess family history, medical background, and potential hereditary conditions.

Types of genetic tests include:

Gene Testing

Gene testing analyzes an individual’s risk of developing a genetic disorder or identifies potential changes that may cause disease. A variant test, included within gene testing, detects specific changes in the genes. A physician may use this test to identify genetic abnormalities within the biological family.

Genomic Testing

Genomic testing investigates broader DNA alterations. It is often recommended when gene testing fails to identify underlying issues, offering a more comprehensive view of the genome.

Chromosomal Testing

Chromosomal testing examines chromosomes, which are structures made of DNA. Instead of focusing on genes, it detects abnormalities in the chromosome structure, such as missing or extra pieces, or an entire duplicated chromosome.

Gene Expression Testing

This type of test evaluates how actively certain genes are working by analyzing the process through which a gene produces a protein within the cell. Gene expression tests assess the level of activity of specific genes.

How is Genetic Testing Done?

Genetic testing involves analyzing a person’s skin, hair, blood, or other body tissues to detect potential mutations. During this process, DNA, chromosomes, or proteins are examined. Skilled laboratory technicians search for suspected abnormalities by evaluating chromosomal, DNA, and protein structures. After the laboratory analysis is completed, the results are reported in writing to the physician. Following the physician’s review, the findings are then communicated to the patient.


 

Genetic Testing in Turkey

Genetic testing in Turkey is carried out safely in advanced laboratories with the support of expert consultants. By analyzing an individual’s genetic structure, it guides both diagnostic and therapeutic processes. Turkey offers high-quality genetic testing services at accessible costs for both local and international patients.

Key reasons why genetic testing in Turkey is preferred include:

• It enables early intervention in conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders.
• It helps evaluate potential genetic or chromosomal anomalies in the fetus during pregnancy.
• It allows for the identification of carriers of inherited diseases during pre-marital or pre-pregnancy planning.
• It supports personalized treatment protocols, improving the overall effectiveness of medical interventions.

Types of Genetic Testing Available in Turkey

Turkey offers a wide range of advanced genetic testing services performed in accredited laboratories using internationally accepted technologies. These tests are utilized for diagnosis, risk assessment, treatment planning, and preventive healthcare.

Prenatal Genetic Testing

Prenatal genetic testing helps identify genetic abnormalities in a fetus before birth. These tests are highly recommended for high-risk pregnancies, advanced maternal age, or known genetic risks. Commonly performed tests include:

• NIPT (Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing): Screens for chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome using a simple maternal blood sample.
• Amniocentesis: A diagnostic test analyzing amniotic fluid for chromosomal and genetic disorders.
• Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Detects inherited genetic conditions at an early stage of pregnancy.

Cancer Genetic Testing

Cancer genetic testing identifies inherited mutations that may increase cancer risk. Results help guide early detection strategies and preventive treatments. Frequently tested genes include:

• BRCA1 and BRCA2: Assessment for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer risk.
• Lynch Syndrome Genes: Screening for colorectal and endometrial cancer risks.
• Multi-gene Panels: Comprehensive panels for personalized risk evaluation across various cancer types.

Carrier Screening Tests

Carrier screening identifies individuals who carry genes for inherited disorders without showing symptoms. This is especially critical for couples planning pregnancy to assess the risk of passing on a condition. Common conditions screened in Turkey include:

• Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
• Cystic Fibrosis
• Thalassemia (Mediterranean Anemia)

Whole Exome and Whole Genome Sequencing

These advanced tests are used when standard diagnostic methods fail to provide answers for rare or complex diseases:

• Whole Exome Sequencing (WES): Analyzes all protein-coding genes (exons) to identify rare genetic disorders.
• Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS): Examines the entire genetic code, providing the most comprehensive genetic analysis available today.

Why Choose Medicana for Genetic Testing?

Genetic testing at Medicana stands out with its comprehensive services and reliable processes. Supported by a team of experienced genetic counselors and state-of-the-art laboratory infrastructure, every step is managed with precision. Each test is tailored to the individual, ensuring personalized insight and care.

Reasons to choose Medicana for genetic testing include:

• Presence of highly experienced specialists in genetic diseases
• Advanced laboratory infrastructure with cutting-edge diagnostic technology
• Testing procedures aligned with international healthcare standards
• Multidisciplinary and personalized treatment planning based on genetic insights

Genetic counseling and interpretation

Genetic counseling is an essential part of the testing process. Certified genetic counselors help patients:

• Understand the purpose and limitations of tests
• Interpret results accurately
• Assess inherited risks for family members
• Make informed medical and lifestyle decisions

Counseling ensures results are not misinterpreted and supports ethical healthcare delivery.

Frequently Asked Questions About Genetic Testing in Turkey

What is the cost of genetic testing?

The cost of genetic testing may vary depending on the hospital and the laboratory where the analysis is performed. In Turkey, genetic tests are planned after a medical evaluation by a physician.

How long does it take to get the results?

The results of genetic testing may vary depending on the type of test performed. While some results can be obtained within a few days, others may take several weeks. On average, the turnaround time ranges from 1 to 3 weeks.

What is the genetic testing for breast cancer?

Undergoing genetic testing for breast cancer is important for risk assessment and preventive planning against the disease. For this reason, individuals diagnosed with breast cancer may undergo genetic testing to help guide and personalize the treatment process. Upon the physician’s recommendation, genetic testing for breast cancer can be performed.