Gastroenterology

Gastroenterology department is the unit responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterologists manage conditions affecting all organs of the digestive tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, as well as the hepatobiliary system, such as the liver, bile ducts, pancreas, and gallbladder.

• Gastroenterology is a subspecialty of internal medicine that focuses on diseases of the digestive system.
• For the diagnosis of conditions affecting the digestive tract, blood tests, endoscopy, colonoscopy, and imaging methods are used.
• Digestive system disorders in children are managed by pediatric gastroenterology.
• Early diagnosis plays a critical role in treatment success and overall quality of life.

What is Gastroenterology?

Gastroenterology is a medical specialty responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the digestive system. It focuses on the evaluation and management of organs such as the esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Conditions including reflux, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and hepatitis are considered within the scope of this field. Diagnostic methods such as endoscopy and colonoscopy are frequently utilized.

What is pediatric gastroenterology?

Pediatric gastroenterology is the medical specialty that focuses on digestive system disorders in children from infancy through adolescence. It encompasses the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the stomach, intestines, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Conditions such as food allergies, celiac disease, chronic diarrhea, constipation, and growth and developmental disorders are among the most commonly encountered issues within this field. Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are tailored using specialized methods appropriate to the child’s age and developmental stage.

Which Parts of the Body Does a Gastroenterologist Focus On?

A gastroenterologist is a specialist physician concerned with the health of the digestive system and the diseases that develop within this region. This system plays a central role in the intake of food, its digestion, and the conversion of nutrients into forms that are beneficial for the body. Gastroenterologists are responsible for both diagnostic evaluation and the management of treatment processes. Their expertise covers a wide range of organs and structures related to the digestive system.

The main areas of focus for gastroenterologists include:

• The esophagus
• The stomach
• The small intestine
• The large intestine (colon and rectum)
• The liver
• The gallbladder and biliary tract
• The pancreas

Which Conditions Does Gastroenterology Diagnose and Treat?

Gastroenterology deals with the diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of diseases affecting the digestive system. During the diagnostic process, laboratory tests, endoscopic procedures, and imaging techniques are commonly utilized.

The main conditions diagnosed and treated within the field of gastroenterology include:

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• Gastritis and peptic ulcer disease
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
• Inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis)
• Celiac disease
• Constipation and chronic diarrhea
• Liver diseases (hepatitis, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis)
• Gallbladder stones and biliary tract disorders
• Pancreatic diseases
• Gastrointestinal bleeding

Early diagnosis of these conditions is of great importance for treatment success and for maintaining quality of life.

What Are the Symptoms of Gastroenterological Diseases?

Gastroenterological diseases affect the digestive system and therefore lead to symptoms related to this system. These symptoms may present as mild and temporary complaints or may appear in a more severe and persistent form. The nature of the symptoms varies depending on the type of disease, its duration, and the organ involved. Early recognition of symptoms can facilitate the diagnostic process and support timely treatment.

Common symptoms observed in gastroenterological diseases include:

• Abdominal pain and bloating
• Heartburn and acid regurgitation
• Nausea and vomiting
• Loss of appetite and weight loss
• Difficulty swallowing
• Blood in the stool or dark-colored stools
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
• Diarrhea or constipation
• Gas and indigestion

What Does a Gastroenterologist Do?

Gastroenterologist is responsible for the diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of diseases affecting the digestive system. They listen to the patient’s complaints, plan the necessary diagnostic investigations, and evaluate the results. In addition, they provide long-term follow-up for chronic conditions.

The main responsibilities of gastroenterologists include:

• Diagnosing digestive system diseases
• Performing procedures such as endoscopy and colonoscopy
• Developing treatment plans and managing medical therapy
• Monitoring and follow-up of chronic diseases

Do Gastroenterologists Treat Cancer?

Gastroenterologists play a crucial role in the diagnosis of cancers of the digestive system. Through procedures such as endoscopy and colonoscopy, they contribute to the early detection of malignancies. The primary treatment of cancer is generally managed by oncology and surgical specialties. Gastroenterologists are actively involved in the diagnostic process, biopsy procedures, and the follow-up of the treatment course.

Frequently Asked Questions About Gastroenterology

How is the first gastroenterology consultation conducted?

During the initial gastroenterology consultation, the physician reviews the patient’s symptoms, medical history, and current medications. This is followed by a physical examination, with particular attention to the abdominal region, and the physician may request additional diagnostic tests if deemed necessary.

Is gastroenterology part of ınternal medicine?

Gastroenterology is recognized as a subspecialty of internal medicine. It focuses specifically on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the digestive system.

Which department should be visited before gastroenterology?

In most cases, patients first consult the internal medicine department. If required, the internal medicine specialist may then refer the patient to gastroenterology for further evaluation.

Which tests are requested by the gastroenterology department?

Gastroenterology specialists may request blood tests, stool analyses, and liver function tests. Depending on the patient’s complaints, diagnostic procedures such as endoscopy, colonoscopy, or imaging studies may also be performed.